Linux Tutorial for Beginners - File Permissions

on
nagaras@ltsp-amd64-bravo:~$ ls -l (- file d directory)
total 103
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp  108 May 28  2018 1.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp  108 May 28  2018 22.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 2569 May 27  2018 A.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 2569 May 14  2018 Area.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 5429 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 5812 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup1
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 4447 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup2
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 4573 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup3
drwxr-xr-x 6 nagaras temp   12 Jan  5 20:25 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    3 May 16  2018 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp   23 Oct 20 21:59 Downloads
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 8940 May 23  2018 isbn.rap
drwxr-xr-x 4 nagaras temp    5 Oct 20 22:08 masm
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Public
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 4929 May 23  2018 RAP - 2.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 7097 May 23  2018 RAP - 2.rap.backup0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 8127 May 23  2018 RAP - 2.rap.backup1
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 5901 May 16  2018 Raptor 2.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 6943 May 16  2018 Raptor 2.rap.backup0
drwxr-xr-x 3 nagaras temp    3 May 14  2018 summer18
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Templates
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 3441 May 28  2018 t.rap.backup0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 6727 May 28  2018 t.rap.backup1
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Videos
nagaras@ltsp-amd64-bravo:~$
nagaras@ltsp-amd64-bravo:~$ - rwx rw- r-- (read write and execute) (owner, group, everyone else)
nagaras@ltsp-amd64-bravo:~$ chmod o+w A.rap
nagaras@ltsp-amd64-bravo:~$ ls -l
total 103
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp  108 May 28  2018 1.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp  108 May 28  2018 22.c
-rw-r--rw- 1 nagaras temp 2569 May 27  2018 A.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 2569 May 14  2018 Area.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 5429 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 5812 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup1
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 4447 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup2
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 4573 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup3
drwxr-xr-x 6 nagaras temp   12 Jan  5 20:25 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    3 May 16  2018 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp   23 Oct 20 21:59 Downloads
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 8940 May 23  2018 isbn.rap
drwxr-xr-x 4 nagaras temp    5 Oct 20 22:08 masm
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Public
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 4929 May 23  2018 RAP - 2.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 7097 May 23  2018 RAP - 2.rap.backup0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 8127 May 23  2018 RAP - 2.rap.backup1
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 5901 May 16  2018 Raptor 2.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 6943 May 16  2018 Raptor 2.rap.backup0
drwxr-xr-x 3 nagaras temp    3 May 14  2018 summer18
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Templates
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 3441 May 28  2018 t.rap.backup0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 6727 May 28  2018 t.rap.backup1
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Videos
nagaras@ltsp-amd64-bravo:~$ chmod o-w A.rap
nagaras@ltsp-amd64-bravo:~$ ls -l
total 103
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp  108 May 28  2018 1.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp  108 May 28  2018 22.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 2569 May 27  2018 A.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 2569 May 14  2018 Area.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 5429 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 5812 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup1
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 4447 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup2
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 4573 May 14  2018 Area.rap.backup3
drwxr-xr-x 6 nagaras temp   12 Jan  5 20:25 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    3 May 16  2018 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp   23 Oct 20 21:59 Downloads
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 8940 May 23  2018 isbn.rap
drwxr-xr-x 4 nagaras temp    5 Oct 20 22:08 masm
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Public
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 4929 May 23  2018 RAP - 2.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 7097 May 23  2018 RAP - 2.rap.backup0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 8127 May 23  2018 RAP - 2.rap.backup1
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 5901 May 16  2018 Raptor 2.rap
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 6943 May 16  2018 Raptor 2.rap.backup0
drwxr-xr-x 3 nagaras temp    3 May 14  2018 summer18
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Templates
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 3441 May 28  2018 t.rap.backup0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nagaras temp 6727 May 28  2018 t.rap.backup1
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagaras temp    2 May 14  2018 Videos
nagaras@ltsp-amd64-bravo:~$ 
u - user
g - group
o - other people (from the outside world)

chmod 754 A.rap

7,5,4 represents the individual permissions for (in this order) user, group, order

4 - stands for "read"
2 - stands for "write"
1 - stands for "execute"
0 - stands for "no permissions"

chmod 777 A.rap

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